Necessity Entrepreneurship and Job Insecurity: The Hidden Face of Entrepreneurship

نویسنده

  • Alain Fayolle
چکیده

Our research explores an understudied topic in the field of entrepreneurship: the insecurity experienced by a group of entrepreneurs known as necessity entrepreneurs. Although little attention has been paid to this phenomenon, in the entrepreneurship literature, necessity entrepreneurs, more than ever, represent a very important social group in an increasingly tough economic and social climate. To throw some light on this phenomenon, we conducted a qualitative study collecting data from five necessity entrepreneurs and five consultants specialized with this type of entrepreneurs. The results show the fragility and the vulnerability of these entrepreneurs, the ambivalence of their environment, the insecurity and the uncertainty of the organizations they contribute to create and finally the very high level of pressure which characterizes their entrepreneurial processes. Résumé Cet article soulève une problématique relativement nouvelle dans le champ de l'entrepreneuriat. Il s'agit des situations contraintes et précaires vécues par un type particulier d’entrepreneurs. Ces créateurs par nécessité sont, jusqu’à aujourd’hui, largement ignorés par les travaux de recherche. Pourtant, ils constituent un groupe d'entrepreneurs de plus en plus important dans un contexte économique et social difficile. Pour tenter d’apporter un éclairage original sur ces situations, nous avons mené une étude empirique qualitative approfondie à partir d’entretiens que nous avons eus avec cinq entrepreneurs de nécessité et cinq consultants spécialisés sur ce type de création d'entreprise. Nos résultats montrent la fragilité et la vulnérabilité de ces entrepreneurs, l'ambivalence de leur environnement, la précarité et l'instabilité des organisations qu’ils créent et enfin la très forte pression qui pèse sur le processus de création. 1 Nous remercions Bérangère Deschamps, Philippe Monin, Philippe Riot et Olivier Torres pour avoir bien voulu commenter une première version de ce texte, initialement présentée aux 2èmes États Généraux du Management organisés par la FNEGE, le 22 octobre 2010. Nous exprimons également notre gratitude aux évaluateurs anonymes et aux éditeurs du journal pour la qualité de leurs commentaires et suggestions.

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عنوان ژورنال:
  • IJEEI

دوره 2  شماره 

صفحات  -

تاریخ انتشار 2011